There are several instruments used for setting out right angles in surveying, including the following:
1. Ranging Rods: Ranging rods are used to set out right angles by aligning them along the two sides of the angle. The rods are made of wood or metal and are held in place by a surveyor while measurements are taken.
2. Optical Square: An optical square is an instrument that consists of two mirrors mounted at a 90-degree angle. It is used by sighting along the mirrors and adjusting the angle until the two sides are aligned.
3. Builder's Square: A builder's square is a metal tool that is used to measure and mark angles for cutting or drilling. It consists of a ruler and a protractor that can be used to accurately measure 90-degree angles.
4. Rotary Laser Level: A rotary laser level is a device that projects a laser beam to create a level line that can be used to set out right angles. The laser level can be rotated to project a 360-degree line, allowing the surveyor to easily set out right angles.
5. Transit: A transit is a surveying instrument that uses a telescope to measure angles. It can be used to set out right angles by sighting along two perpendicular lines and adjusting the angle until the lines are aligned.
The above-mentioned instruments are commonly used for setting out right angles in surveying. The choice of instrument depends on the specific requirements of the survey and the skill of the surveyor. It is important for surveyors to choose the appropriate instrument and to use it correctly to ensure accurate results.
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