EDM surveying, or Electronic Distance Measurement surveying, is a type of surveying method that uses electronic instruments to measure the distances between points. The instruments, called total stations or EDM devices, emit a laser or infrared beam that bounces off a target and returns to the instrument, where the time it took for the beam to travel is used to calculate the distance to the target.
EDM surveying is a highly precise and accurate method of surveying, as it is able to measure distances to within a few millimeters. It is commonly used in topographical surveys, boundary surveys, construction surveys, and engineering surveys, among others.
In EDM surveying, the total station or EDM device is set up at a known point and aimed at a target at a second point. The instrument measures the horizontal and vertical angles to the target, and the distance to the target is calculated using the time it took for the beam to travel. The measurements are then used to calculate the coordinates of the points, allowing the surveyor to create a map or a model of the surveyed area.
The main advantage of EDM surveying is its accuracy and speed, as it allows the surveyor to quickly obtain a large number of precise measurements in a relatively short amount of time. Additionally, it is less subject to errors due to atmospheric conditions or obstacles blocking the line of sight, compared to other surveying methods, such as leveling or chain surveying.
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