Selection of site for building construction is important because it help to construct. Building Sizes use based on the all factors such as structural, Soil, Environmental. Factory buildings always planned based on their function which made construction very simple. Location of structural members are design using Software so to not affect the interior and exteriors or building.
This is the planning of a building or a structure. The planner, before he actually begins planning, has to consider the requirements of accommodation. Site location and condition definitely show the layout and design of a building as well as the location of its entry and exit.
Selection of Site
For planning and designing of a building in best and cheap way proper selection of site is important. It is rarely possible to get a site which will meet all the criteria listed below. But site should be so selected that it satisfies the following criteria to a greater extent.
1. Site should serve the intended purpose and scope of the building to get constructed.
2. Size, shape, elevation and ground conditions.
(a) Site should be uniform in geometrical shape since with irregular shape land is wasted.
(b) Site should be spacious enough to built for project and future requirements.
(c) The site should be flat and should not be in depression. Problem of drainage and sanitation becomes difficult due to which plinth height need to provide at design height..
(d) To reduce cost of foundation, hard and firm strata should be available at a shallow depth. Reclaimed, marshy, waterlogged, and black cotton soil, strata should be avoided.
3. Facilities: To the extent possible following facilities should be in proximity:
(a) Transport, electricity, water, school, shopping centres, post and telecommunications, cooking gas, hospitals.
(b) Site should be safe and in well secured locality.
4. Ownership: Site should be free from legal litigations.
5. Site near river, nallah should be above the highest flood level of nearby river area.
6. It should free from pollution due to smoke, dust, noise, insanitary conditions. There are certain adverse factors listed below.
1. Immediate neighbourhood of rivers carrying heavy floods in monsoon;
2. Reclaimed soils, lands subject to subsidence or continuous settlement;
3. Smoke and obnoxious odours due to industrial vicinity.
4. Noise.
Following are different elements which may help to reject the building site:
1. Immediate neighbourhood of rivers carrying heavy floods in monsoon;
2. Reclaimed soils, lands subject to subsidence or continuous settlement.
3. Smoke and obnoxious odours due to industrial vicinity.
4. Noise Adverse effects of noise are not immediately noticeable. In fact, a quiet environment is an amenity.
All People get used to regular and continuous types of noises such as of local trains and noise due to heavy traffic. It is the noise which are disturbing such as factory sirens, whistles of loco-engines, aeroplanes flying at low altitudes. The relation of a site with its environment and the site itself would influence the moulding of the building.
Engineer need to consider whether the proposed building would stand d of agricultural lands or clustered around by a busy thoroughfare. The site features with natural and artificial which need to be into account while planning and designing a building. Also geophysical conditions, position of ground water table and vegetation need to considered.
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